Raster to Vector Conversion Using Inkscape


Introduction


As part of my exploration in 2D graphics, I ventured into converting raster images into scalable vector artwork using Inkscape, a powerful and free vector graphics editor. This process allowed me to transform pixel-based images (like PNG or JPEG) into clean, editable, and resolution-independent vector graphics (SVG), perfect for design scalability and printing.




Tools Used:

  • Software: Inkscape
  • Feature: Trace Bitmap (Vectorization tool)

Step 1: Installing Inkscape on Ubuntu


To install Inkscape on my Linux system, I used the following command in the terminal:



  • sudo apt update
  • sudo apt install inkscape

This installed the latest version available in Ubuntu’s package repository. Once the installation was complete, I launched Inkscape by simply typing:

  • inkscape




Step 2: Importing a Raster Image

Inside Inkscape, I started a new document. Then, I went to File → Import and selected a .PNG image from my local system. I chose “Embed” in the import dialog box to make the image part of the SVG file.














Step 3: Selecting the Image

After importing, I clicked on the image using the Select Tool (S). The selection handles appeared, indicating the image was ready for conversion.


Step 4: Accessing the Trace Bitmap Tool

  • I accessed the Trace Bitmap tool by navigating to:

    • Path → Trace Bitmap

  • Or, I used the shortcut Shift + Alt + B to open the tracing panel.



Step 5: Configuring the Trace Settings

I used different options based on the image type:

  • For black & white images, I selected:
    • Single Scan → Brightness Cutoff
    • Adjusted threshold to suit the contrast

  • For colored images, I selected:
    • Multiple Scans → Colors
    • Number of scans: 6 (for moderate detail)
    • Checked Smooth, Stack Scans, and Remove Background


After adjusting the settings, I clicked Update to preview the trace and then OK to apply it.


Step 6: Separating the Vector Output

The vector version appeared directly on top of the original. I dragged it aside and deleted the original raster image, leaving a clean, scalable vector graphic.







Step 7: Exporting the Final Vector

To save the project, I used:

  • File → Save As → Plain SVG







I also exported in formats like PDF and EPS for broader compatibility in design workflows and printing.

Key Takeaways:

  • Converting raster to vector enhances scalability and flexibility in design.
  • Inkscape is a powerful open-source alternative to commercial vector editors.
  • Running on Linux makes it lightweight and efficient for daily creative tasks.